Abstract: Introduction: among patients with ischemic stroke (IS), more than 17% has atrial fibrillation (AF). The active application of aspiration thrombectomy (AT), in addition to thrombolytic therapy (TLT), can significantly improve functional outcome, prognosis and survival of patients with IS. The main method of preventing of IS in patients with nonvalvular AF today is still an anticoagulant therapy, but percutaneous transcatheter occlusion of the left atrium appendage (LAA) can be an alternative method, especially if anticoagulant therapy is contraindicated or ineffective. Aim: was to demonstrate results of a complex staged treatment of an age-related patient with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation, complicated by the development of cardioembolic ischemic stroke while taking anticoagulants. Material and methods: a clinical observation of a 81-year-old patient delivered to the hospital with a clinical manifestation of ischemic stroke in the “therapeutic window”, with a history of persistent AF and taking anticoagulants, is presented. After conservative therapy - a regression of neurological symptoms was achieved. Three days after - negative dynamics in the clinical picture with development of aphasia and right-sided hemiplegia. Multispiral computed tomography with contrast (MSCT-A): occlusion of M2 segment of the left middle cerebral artery (MCA). Patient underwent aspiration thrombectomy with complete restoration of blood flow and regression of neurological symptoms. After 2 months from the episode of IS, patient underwent implantation of occlude in the left atrial appendage as a prophylaxis of re-embolism, followed by the abolition of warfarin. Results: a senile patient returned to normal life and self-care (assessed using the modified Rankin scale 1). During next 13 months patient had no major adverse cardiac events (MACE) or significant bleeding and all that shows that occlusion of LAA is effective. Conclusions: in the early period of ischemic stroke, isolated aspiration thrombectomy is the operation of choice in patients with atrial fibrillation and contraindication for thrombolytic therapy, and endovascular occlusion of the left atrial appendage can be the method of choice for secondary prevention of ischemic stroke. Further studies are required to assess applicability and reproducibility of the approach we have described in routine clinical practice. References 1. Hankey G.J. Stroke. The Lancet. 2017; 389 (10069): 641-654. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30962-X 2. Feigin V.L., Krishnamurthi R.V., Parmar P., et al; GBD Writing Group; GBD 2013 Stroke Panel Experts Group. Update on the Global Burden of Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke in 1990-2013: The GBD 2013 Study. 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Abstract: Aim: was to estimate possibilities of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in diagnostics of pathology of bile ducts in combination with percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD). Materials and methods: examined 5 patients with obstructive jaundice, suspected cancerous etiology OCT was performed during or 5-14 days after PTBD. For morphological confirmation of results we performed forceps intraductal biopsies. Results: tomographic evidences of the malignant stricture were revealed in 4 (80%) patients anc in 1 patient benign stricture was determined. Diagnoses were confirmed histologically (80%) and clinically (20%). Sensitivity of the OCT was 100%. Conclusion: percutaneous transhepatic OCT appeared to be a perspective method for differential diagnostics of biliary strictures. References 1. Polikarpov A.A. Rentgenojendovaskuljarnye vmeshatel'stva v lechenii nerezektabel'nyh zlokachestvennyh opuholej pecheni. [Endovascular interventions in treatment of nonresectable malignant tumors of liver] Avtoreferat. Diss. dokt. med. nauk. S.Peterburg. 2006; S 26 [In Russ]. 2. Shajn A.A. Rak organov pishhevarenija. [Cancer of digestive organs] Tjumen'. Skorpion. 2000; 184-188 [In Russ]. 3. Soares K.C., Kamel I., Cosgrove D.P., et al. Hilar cholangiocarcinoma: diagnosis, treatment options, and management. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr. 2014; 3 (1): 18-34. 4. Madariaga J.R., Iwatsuki S.,Todo S. et al. Liver resection for hilar and peripheral cholangiocarcinomas: a study of 62 cases. Annals of Surgery. 1998; 227 (1): 70-79. 5. Heimbach J.K., Haddock M.G., Alberts S.R. et al. Transplantation for hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Liver Transplantation. 2004; 10 (2): 65 -68. 6. Denisenko A.G. Opticheskaja kogerentnaja tomografija v diagnostike novoobrazovanij zheludochno-kishechnogo trakta. [Optical coherence tomography in diagnostics of neoplasms of digestive tract]Avtoreferat. Diss. kand. med. nauk. N. Novgorod. 2006; S 20 [In Russ]. 7. Zagajnova E.V. Diagnosticheskaja cennost' opticheskoj kogerentnoj tomografii v jendoskopii. [Diagnostic value of optical coherence tomography in endoscopy]Avtoreferat. Diss. dokt. med. nauk. N. Novgorod. 2007; S27 [In Russ]. 8. Arvanitakis M., Hookey L., Tessier G. et al. Intraductal optical coherence tomography during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for investigation of biliary strictures. Endoscopy. 2009; 41: 696-701. [PMID: 19618343 D0I:10.1055/s-0029-1214950]. 9. de Bellis M., Sherman S., Fogel E. L. et al. Tissue sampling at ERCP in suspected malignant biliary strictures (Part 2). Gastrointest Endosc. 2002; 56: 720-730 [PMID: 12397282 DOI: 10.1067/mge.2002.129219]. 10. Ross W.A., Wasan S.M., Evans D.B. et al. Combined EUS with FNA and ERCP for the evaluation of patients with obstructive jaundice from presumed pancreatic malignancy. Gastrointest Endosc. 2008; 68: 461-466 [PMID: 18384788 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2007.11.033]. 11. 12. Demin V.V., Dolgov 13. Mahmud S.M., May G.R., Kamal M.M. et al. Imaging pancreatobiliary ductal system with optical coherence tomography: A review. World J Gastrointest Endosc. 2013; 5(11): 540-550. ISSN 1948-5190 (online). 14. Tearney G.J., Brezinski M.E., Southern J.F. et al. Optical biopsy in human pancreatobiliary tissue using optical coherence tomography. Dig DisSci. 1998; 43: 11931199 [PMID: 9635607 DOI: 10.1023/A:1018891304453]. 15. Testoni P.A., Mariani A., Mangiavillano B. et al. Main pancreatic duct, common bile duct and sphincter of Oddi structure visualized by optical coherence tomography: An ex vivo study compared with histology. Dig Liver Dis. 2006; 38: 409-414 [PMID: 16584931 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld. 2006.02.014]. 16. Testoni P.A., Mangiavillano B. Optical coherence tomography in detection of dysplasia and cancer of the gastrointestinal tract and bilio-pancreatic ductal system. World J Gastroenterol. 2008; 14: 6444-6452 [PMID: 19030194 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.14.6444]. 17. Testoni P.A., Mariani A., Mangiavillano B. Intraductal optical coherence tomography for investigating main pancreatic duct strictures. Am J Gastroenterol. 2007; 102: 269-274 [PMID: 17100970 DOI: 10.1111/j. 1572-0241. 2006.00940.x].
